Available Courses (2013-2014)

The members of the Bishop O’Connell Theology Department aspire to provide students with a deep knowledge of, and appreciation for, the tenets of the Catholic faith. They also work to help the students develop a genuine and personal relationship with Jesus Christ and comprehend religion as “faith seeking understanding.” Therefore, each course encourages and develops a close relationship with God through prayer. With this dual focus of education and formation, the program fosters involvement in service to others and concern for the less fortunate. All four years directly correspond to the National Framework for High School Religion.

PLEASE NOTE: All households should have a Catholic Bible and Catholic Catechism for home study.

9150   THEOLOGY 1: WHO IS JESUS?   
9     YR    1.0 cr

Students explore the revelation of Jesus Christ in Scripture. Students also examine the Bible, how it was formed and its value to people throughout the world. Special emphasis is given to how the Old Testament lays the foundation for the coming of Jesus. The second semester emphasizes the Mystery of Jesus, the Living Word of God. In distinguishing who Jesus is, students also evaluate who Jesus calls them to be.

9220   THEOLOGY 2: THE MISSION OF JESUS CHRIST
10     YR    1.0 cr

The purpose of this course is to help students conclude what God does for us through the words and actions of His Son, Jesus Christ as they are analyzed in the gospels. Students interpret redemption through Jesus Christ, and are introduced to what it means to choose to be a disciple of Christ. The second semester focuses on what the Church is and how it continues the mission of Jesus Christ. Key topics include images of the Church, marks of the Church, the Church in the world, and implications for the life of a believer.

9320   THEOLOGY 3: SACRAMENTS/MORALITY/ETHICS         
11           YR          1.0 cr

The Sacraments course strives to help students recognize the relations between the Paschal Mystery expressed through the seven Church Sacraments and our own experiences. The Morality portion of the course centers on the Holy Spirit’s activity of guiding men and women in daily decision-making. The God-given dignity of the human person, the nature and effects of sin, the call to holiness, the Virtues, the Commandments, and the formation of a sound conscience are examined. The Ethics component focuses on major issues and topics of the 21st century.

9420   THEOLOGY 4: CHURCH IN THE MODERN WORLD         
12           YR          1.0 cr

The purpose of this course is to identify how we can discover and articulate truth centered on the person of Jesus Christ and the central doctrines of the Creed. Love, responsibility, truth, theology of the body, family life, and tolerance are key elements to this course. This course includes an in-depth focus on philosophical and theological readings and emphasis on developing critical thinking skills.

This course uses the Vatican II document Church in the Modern World as its inspiration. It will explore Catholic Social Teaching and the special role of the laity in the Church’s mission to rightly relate the world to Christ. A central objective is to equip students with a mature understanding of the Catholic faith and the ability to share that vision with others. General Topics will include the nature of human society, the meaning of human dignity, contemporary atheism, the doctrines of the common good, subsidiarity, solidarity, and the value of human labor.

9440   THEOLOGY 4: THEOLOGY THROUGH LITERATURE      
12           YR          1.0 cr

The purpose of this course is to identify how we can discover and articulate truth centered on the person of Jesus Christ and the central doctrines of the Creed. Love, responsibility, truth, theology of the body, family life, and tolerance are key elements to this course. This course includes an in-depth focus on philosophical and theological readings and emphasis on developing critical thinking skills.

Students will read and interpret literature of various genres that spans history from Biblical times to the present with a focus on key theological themes. In each work, course study will characterize the relationship between God and humankind; how community is forged and maintained; and how the sacraments are lived and understood. Catholic authors such as St. Augustine and Thomas Merton will be examined. For purposes of comparison, authors such as Dostoyevsky and C.S. Lewis will be analyzed.

9460   THEOLOGY 4: FORMING CATHOLIC LEADERS
12     YR    1.0 cr

The purpose of this course is to identify how we can discover and articulate truth centered on the person of Jesus Christ and the central doctrines of the Creed. Love, responsibility, truth, theology of the body, family life, and tolerance are key elements to this course. This course includes an in-depth focus on philosophical and theological readings and emphasis on developing critical thinking skills.

Students will investigate social injustice by being in direct contact with marginalized populations and social change organizations and by discussing classical and contemporary works of philosophy and theology. The goal is to foster critical consciousness and enabling students to question conventional wisdom and learn how to work for a just society. This is accomplished by helping students make relevant connections between course material and experience with community service. The relationship between service and classroom study evokes a rich conversation.

The English Department integrates the study of literature with a sequential writing program, instruction in grammar and usage, vocabulary study and oral presentation. The four year program includes required courses in genres of literature, world literature, American literature, and British literature. Several elective courses are also offered.

Skills learned in English classes are foundational for study in all disciplines and apply to all aspects of life. In this course of study students are provided opportunities and incentives to appreciate the power of language in expressing thoughts, feelings, and beliefs; to nurture a love of reading and improve communication skills in writing and speaking; to capably use 21st century research skills and technology; and to develop critical reading and thinking skills with a focus on logical, precise, moral and ethical reasoning.

1100   ENGLISH 1                                           
9     YR    1.0 cr

The freshman course includes instruction in both language skills and literature. The literature program introduces students to the various literary genres, providing study in the epic, short story, novel, poetry, and drama. The course emphasizes critical reading and critical thinking skills. Vocabulary study is stressed and is taken from the reading, as well as from supplementary sources.

The language arts and communication program encompasses both written and oral development of language skills. Correct usage, grammar, sentence structure, intensive paragraph study, dictionary, and library skills are presented in a developmental sequence to assure achievement. Students begin learning the documentation process in the Modern Language Association (MLA) style and are introduced to the multiple-paragraph essay.

1150   ENGLISH 1 HONORS                       
9     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: Invitation from English department based on the High School Placement Test and appropriate score on department qualifying exam.

This course is designed for freshmen who demonstrate an above grade-level proficiency in reading and writing. The literature program introduces students to the various literary genres, providing study in the epic, short story, novel, poetry, and drama. The program examines the contributions of influential writers from ancient to modern times. The more advanced points of grammar and usage are covered, as it is expected that students have a basic understanding of the rules that govern the language. Writing and reading assignments are of greater frequency and sophistication and require the student to provide in-depth analysis in both written and discussion formats.

1200   ENGLISH 2                                         
10     YR    1.0 cr

The sophomore course includes instruction in both language and literature. The literature program introduces students to works in world literature primarily, but not exclusively, those of western culture. The program examines the contributions of influential writers from ancient to modern times. Critical reading and thinking skills, as well as vocabulary study, continue to be emphasized.

The course includes both written and oral language development. The language program builds on the freshman course and includes overall review of usage and grammar. The development of a thesis in the five-paragraph format is a central aspect of this course. Experiences in creative writing are offered. Library and research skills concentrate on preparing students to write documented papers. Instruction in note taking and paraphrasing from source material, together with renewed instruction in the Modern Language Association (MLA) method of documentation, continues.

1250   ENGLISH 2 HONORS                     
10     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: B in English 1 Honors and recommendation of English 1 Honors teacher; A in English 1 and recommendation of English 1 teacher, and approval of department chairperson.

The literature program introduces students to works in world literature primarily, but not exclusively, those of western culture. The program examines the contributions of influential writers from ancient to modern times. Student writing is frequent and requires increasing sophistication in word choice, sentence structure, paragraph development, and overall impact. A research paper on a literary topic is a requirement of this course. Students are expected to actively participate in class discussions and to read and analyze a number of texts that supplement the classroom curriculum.

1300   ENGLISH 3                                         
11     YR    1.0 cr

The junior course includes both composition and literature. The literature program surveys the major influences and writers in American literature from colonial times to the present. The program continues to emphasize the critical aspects of reading and thinking demonstrated through critical writing. Vocabulary study continues in preparation for the PSAT and SAT.

The composition program continues to develop skills learned in the freshman and sophomore courses and focuses on the various rhetorical forms of argument: persuasion, expanded definition, comparison/contrast, and literary analysis. Creative writing opportunities are provided. Documentation skills are developed further through the assignment of an extended research paper that develops a thesis.

1350   ENGLISH 3 HONORS                     
11     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: B in English 2 Honors and recommendation of English 2 Honors teacher; A in English 2 and recommendation of English 2 teacher, and approval of department chairperson.

The junior course includes both composition and literature. The literature program surveys the major influences and writers in American literature from colonial times to the present. Students in this course will have shown a readiness to use higher level thinking skills when engaging literary texts, as evidenced by written and oral work that demonstrate an ability to read carefully, judge soundly, and synthesize logically. Students write frequently, exhibiting the reading and analytical skills necessary to conduct sound literary analysis, especially in the genre of poetry. Students must possess strong organizational skills, the ability to work independently, and the desire to read and analyze several texts in addition to the classroom curriculum. A research paper is also a requirement of this course.

1360   AP ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND COMPOSITION
 11     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: B+ in English 2 Honors, writing sample, and recommendation of English 2 Honors teacher; A in English 2, writing sample and recommendation of English 2 teacher, and approval of department chairperson.

This college level course is offered to junior students who have demonstrated a high degree of interest and proficiency in writing. The course is organized to assist students to perform well on the Advanced Placement (AP) Examination in English Language and Composition administered by the College Board in May and required of all students taking this course.

This course provides for the study and writing of various kinds of analytic or personal essays on nonliterary topics and includes instruction in rhetorical aims, modes, and techniques, and how to apply those principles in writing assignments. Although non-fiction is the focus of the AP exam in English Language and Composition, the American literature curriculum, including poetry and fiction, is thoroughly covered in this course. Non-fiction selections are taken from a wide variety of sources. Students who take this course should plan to take AP English Literature in their senior year.

5000   AMERICAN STUDIES                    
11     YR    2.0 cr

American Studies is an interdisciplinary course that integrates U.S. History and English 3 into a humanities based curriculum. The course is designed to unite American history and literature in order to further expand students’ understanding of the origin and development of American traditions, values, and institutions. Works of literature are taught within their historical context and similarly, works of history are used to support and strengthen students’ understanding of literary trends. The course also draws extensively from its related disciplines. Theme related art, music, selected readings, and writing are incorporated into daily lessons in order to enhance the study of social history and illustrate for students how individuals, communities, and social organizations and movements, have shaped, and continue to shape, the American landscape. This course meets the requirements for 1.0 credit each in U.S. History and English 3.

1400   ENGLISH 4                                         
12     YR    1.0 cr

The senior course includes both literature and composition components. The literature program surveys the major works, writers, and influences in the British tradition. Critical skills in reading, thinking, and writing continue to be emphasized and applied.

The composition program builds on the skills learned in the first three years and challenges students to refine writing skills in preparation for researching, developing, and documenting a thesis topic in an extended, critical paper. Creative writing opportunities are provided to give the student a forum for creative expression.

1420   ENGLISH 4 HONORS                     
12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: B in English 3 Honors and recommendation of English 3 Honors teacher; A in English 3 and recommendation of English 3 teacher, and approval of department chairperson.

The senior course includes both literature and composition components. The literature program surveys the major works, writers, and influences in the British tradition. The senior honors course is designed for students who have demonstrated an ability to engage in clear and insightful literary analysis, to produce clear and cohesive essays, and to engage in advanced classroom discussions. Students are expected to read and analyze several texts in addition to the classroom curriculum. A research paper is also a requirement of this course.

1450   AP ENGLISH LITERATURE         
12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: B in AP English Language and recommendation of AP Language teacher; B+ in English 3 Honors and recommendation of English 3 Honors teacher; A in English 3 and recommendation of English 3 teacher. Approval of department chairperson.

This college level course is offered to highly motivated students of English in senior year. This course is organized to assist students to perform well on the Advanced Placement Examination in English Literature administered by the College Board in May and required of all students taking this course.

This course includes both literature and composition. The literature is primarily British-based but includes readings from both European and American authors. Critical analysis, sound judgment, and logical synthesis in interpreting the readings are demonstrated in the frequent writing of critical essays. A seminar approach to oral discussions provides a forum for students to interact and to share insights in order to deepen their understanding and appreciation of the readings. Students are expected to read and analyze ten to twelve full length works in addition to the classroom curriculum. A research paper is also a requirement of this course.

1600   THE AMERICAN DREAM REVISITED
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

This elective course reviews and explores what the traditional American Dream has meant to generations of our people and our society in the past; what it means to people and our society today; and what it might mean to people and society in the future. Through the reading and discussion of various novels and the viewing of several relevant films, the course also investigates the very premise of this American Dream. Is it, or was it, ever a goal worth pursuing? Is it a myth or a reality? Does it mean the same thing to all people? What are its various definitions and consequent ramifications? This elective class supplements the four English classes required for graduation.

1390   PUBLIC SPEAKING                 
10-12     SEM    .5 cr

This elective course includes the basics of effective speaking and listening skills, preparation and tools for giving a speech, and the opportunity to present several types of speeches followed by evaluation by teacher and peers. This course aims to improve knowledge of effective communication skills as well as self-confidence. This class fulfills the Fine Arts requirement for graduation.

1460   YEARBOOK PRODUCTION 
10-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisite: Recommendation of current English teacher.

This elective course introduces students to the successful production of a school yearbook. Students learn about the various sections of the yearbook and how to write effective yearbook articles, captions, and headlines. They also learn how to organize and conduct student and faculty interviews, design layouts on the computer using Adobe
InDesign, and to assemble the pages of the yearbook to meet structure production deadlines. Effective editing, revision, and photography skills are developed. This course fulfills the computer and Fine Arts requirements for graduation.

1510   JOURNALISM                            
10-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisite: B in current English class and a writing sample.

This elective course introduces students to the fundamental components of journalism. News and feature writing styles are learned once students have acquired adequate reporting, interviewing, and editing skills. As students “cover” the school community, worthy student writing is published in The Visor, the school newspaper. The curriculum explores the history of journalism in the United States, photojournalism, newspaper ethics, and television broadcasting. This course fulfills the computer and Fine Arts requirements for graduation.

1530   CREATIVE WRITING               
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

1535   CREATIVE WRITING               
11-12   SEM    .5 cr

Prerequisite: Writing sample

These elective courses offer a supportive and instructional environment for students wishing to develop their creative writing abilities. Participants work in the genres of poetry, short fiction, drama, and screenplay writing. Writing is supported by readings, classical and modern, in each of these genres. The practical aim of these courses is to generate a creative writing portfolio that students may use to further their ambitions beyond the high school level. Students are provided with opportunities to submit their writing for publication and consideration in relevant contests. Course 1535 is available only during first semester.

6700   INTRO TO FILM                        
10-12   SEM    .5 cr

This course presents an in-depth treatment of film as a powerful, 20th century art form. Students become familiar with film language and technique, study the history of American film, and critique numerous films using the knowledge they acquire through viewing clips from the greatest movies made, as well as from full-length presentations. The course requires discussion and critical writing. Topics to be discussed include: photography, sets/settings, movement, editing, sound, acting, drama, story, writing, ideology and theory. This course fulfills the Fine Arts requirement for graduation.

Freshman placement is based on several factors: high school placement scores in math, math grade in eighth grade, eighth grade math teacher’s recommendation, and Algebra exemption exam score. Students may elevate a level in their next math course if they have an A average on major tests and quizzes, have a strong work ethic, and have the current math teacher’s recommendation. Students must maintain a B average to remain in Honors courses.

Students in Algebra 1 wanting to progress to Calculus class before leaving high school may schedule Geometry and Algebra 2/Trig simultaneously in tenth grade or take a summer geometry class followed by the geometry exemption exam to be placed in Algebra 2/Trig in tenth grade. Students with an A in Algebra 1/A, a strong work ethic and the current math teachers recommendation are eligible to enroll in an intensive (five hours daily) summer Geometry class.

A graphing calculator is required for all classes.

3110   ALGEBRA 1/A                                    
9     YR    1.0 cr

This course covers fundamental algebra in-depth. Topics include: the language of algebra; properties of real numbers; solving equations and inequalities in one and two variables; multiplying and factoring algebraic numbers; rational numbers and irrational numbers; solving equations involving rational and irrational numbers; solving systems of linear equations and linear inequalities and their graphs; simplifying radical terms, and solving equations by factoring. Word problems concerning distance, rate and time, percentages, interest, geometric figures, and number problems are taught as they occur in the text. Students are introduced to the graphing calculator with linear equations and solving systems of linear equations. The class is paced so that students can enter an honors class in tenth grade or continue the four year college-prep mathematics program.

3109   ALGEBRA 1/A                                    
9     YR    1.0 cr

This course covers fundamental algebra in-depth. Topics include: the language of algebra; properties of real numbers; solving equations and inequalities in one and two variables; multiplying and factoring algebraic numbers; rational numbers and irrational numbers; solving equations involving rational and irrational numbers; solving systems of linear equations and linear inequalities and their graphs; simplifying radical terms, and solving equations by factoring. Word problems concerning distance, rate and time, percentages, interest, geometric figures, and number problems are taught as they occur in the text. Students are introduced to the graphing calculator with linear equations and solving systems of linear equations. This course is the equivalent to 3110 Algebra 1/A with the exception that students are placed in the course based on testing and Algebra background from eighth grade.

3280   GEOMETRY                                       
10     YR    1.0 cr

This course is an axiomatic approach to the basic theorems of Euclidean geometry. It uses an integrated approach to the study of plane and solid geometry, including proofs. A study of the areas and volumes of the two-dimensional and three-dimensional figures is included in the course. A thorough study of the right triangle is taught as a brief introduction to trigonometry. This is a complete course in geometry using hands-on work to discover the concepts of geometry.

3220   GEOMETRY/A                                  
10     YR    1.0 cr

This course is an axiomatic approach to the basic theorems of Euclidean geometry. It uses an integrated approach to the study of plane and solid geometry, including proofs. Included in the course is a study of the areas and volumes of two-dimensional and three-dimensional figures. A thorough study of the right triangle is taught as a brief introduction to trigonometry.

3230   GEOMETRY HONORS                  
10     YR    1.0 cr

This course is an axiomatic approach to the basic theorems of Euclidean geometry. It uses an integrated approach to the study of plane and solid geometry, including proofs. Included in the course is a study of the areas and volumes of two-dimensional and three-dimensional figures. A thorough study of the right triangle is taught as a brief introduction to trigonometry. This course is taught at a rigorous pace with significant emphasis on proofs. Course content also includes construction, loci, coordinate geometry, and transformations.

3380   ALGEBRA 2                                
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

This course is required for students who have completed Algebra 1 and Geometry and do not meet the prerequisites for Algebra 2/Trig. Building upon the basic elements of first year Algebra,this course develops a full range of Algebra 2 concepts. Topics include polynomials and the concept of functions, exponents, radicals, factoring, rational expressions, quadratic equations, complex numbers, conic sections, probability and an introduction to the basic elements of trigonometry. A graphing calculator is required.

3300   ALGEBRA 2-TRIGONOMETRY
10-11     YR    1.0 cr

Beginning with a review of the basics of first-year algebra, the students are led to a more detailed study of the polynomial and the concept of functions. Topics that are presented for study include exponents, radicals, factoring, rational expressions, quadratic equations, and complex numbers. The fundamentals of trigonometry are presented in the fourth quarter.

3309*        ALGEBRA 2-TRIGONOMETRY      
9           YR 1.0 cr

Beginning with a review of the basics of first-year algebra, the students are led to a more detailed study of the polynomial and the concept of functions. Topics that are presented for study include exponents, radicals, factoring, rational expressions, quadratic equations, and complex numbers. The fundamentals of trigonometry are presented in the fourth quarter. * Placement in this course is based upon the results of the Diocesan Algebra Exemption Exam.

3350   ALGEBRA 2-TRIGONOMETRY HONORS
9-11     YR    1.0 cr

This course begins with a review of the basic concepts of first-year algebra followed by the topics of Algebra 2. These topics include: linear functions and relations, systems of equations and inequalities, matrices, quadratic functions, exponential and logarithmic functions, polynomial functions, rational and radical functions, statistics and conic sections. The study of trigonometry, which takes place in the fourth quarterincludes radian measure, trigonometric functions and identities, and solving general triangles.

3540   COLLEGE MATH CONCEPTS
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: Completion of Geometry and Algebra 2
This full year course is intended for the college bound student wishing a fourth year in mathematics in preparation for future study of mathematics in college. Eligible students have not met the prerequisites for Calculus or Pre-Calculus. Topics include interpretation of graphical information both with and without the use of a graphing calculator, the use of logarithmic and exponential functions, matrices, sequences and series, trigonometry and vectors, and probability. A TI-83 or TI-84 graphing calculator is required.

3410   PRE-CALCULUS                       
10-12     YR    1.0 cr

This course is intended for students who wish to continue a college prep math curriculum beyond Algebra 2/Trig and subsequently take a calculus course. Topics covered are: a review of linear and quadratic functions, polynomial functions and their inverses, conic sections, exponents and logarithms and trigonometry with a concentration on radian measure, series, sequences, limits, and combinatorics.

3450   PRE-CALCULUS HONORS  
10-12     YR    1.0 cr

This course is designed for the student who wishes to continue a college prep curriculum and subsequently take an AP or Honors Calculus course. Topics include a review of linear and quadratic functions, polynomial functions and inverses, exponents and logarithms, trigonometry, probability, series, sequences, limits and graphing techniques using transformations, and combinatorics. This course is enriched with an introduction to derivatives. Emphasis is divided between theory and problem solving.

3510   CALCULUS HONORS             
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

This course is intended for the student who would like an introduction to calculus without the pressure of an Advanced Placement pace. The concepts are presented from the verbal, algebraic, visual and numerical points of view, as appropriate. Topics include: limits and continuity, derivatives of polynomials, trigonometric, rational, exponential and logarithmic functions as well as the chain rule and implicit differentiation. Applications of the first and second derivative consist of curve analysis, related rates, maximum and minimum problems. Fourth quarter topics include Riemann sums, the indefinite and definite integral. This course will be available for dual credit through Marymount University.

3550   AP CALCULUS AB                   
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

This college level calculus course culminates with the Advanced Placement test in AB Calculus in May. The concepts of limits and continuity are developed into differential calculus, covering the derivative geometrically, numerically and analytically. Derivatives of trigonometric, exponential, logarithmic and inverse functions, the chain rule, and implicit differentiation are studied. Applications of derivatives include curve analysis, related rates, growth and decay, and velocities and accelerations. Second semester topics include: integral calculus; the computations of various Riemann sums and applications of integral calculus including topics such as area between curves; rotations of solids and average value. In addition to the curriculum outlined by the College Board, this course is enriched with additional calculus topics. A graphing calculator is required for this course and for the AP exam. A summer project reviewing pre-calculus topics is required.

3560   AP CALCULUS BC                   
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

This college level calculus course culminates with the Advanced Placement test in BC Calculus in May The concept of differential calculus is developed, including the derivatives of polynomial, trigonometric, exponential, and logarithmic functions, and their inverses are studied. Rules for differentiation and applications of derivatives are studied, including the chain rule, implicit differentiation, curve analysis, related rates, growth and decay, and kinematics. Numerical methods such as Euler’s method and Newton’s method are also covered. Second semester topics include: integral calculus and applications of integral calculus including topics such as area between curves; rotations of solids and average value of a function. Numerical integration methods such as Riemann sums are also presented. Additionally, the BC Calculus course includes multivariable calculus, vector calculus, Taylor and Maclaurin series representations of functions, and polar curves. A graphing calculator is required for this course and for the AP exam. A summer project reviewing pre-calculus topics is required. For any student enrolled in AP Physics C, it is highly recommended to enroll in AP Calculus BC concurrently.

3600   STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

An introduction to probability and statistics at a pre-calculus level, this course provides an opportunity to explore and understand the statistics encountered daily in life. Emphasis is on basic concepts including organizing and displaying data, averages and variation, probability theory, binomial probability distribution, normal and sampling distribution, estimation and hypothesis testing. Statistics involves applied mathematics with meaningful problems preparing the student for all fields of college study. This course is available for dual credit through Marymount University.

3650   AP STATISTICS                         
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

This college level, pre-calculus-based statistics course introduces students to the major concepts and tools for collecting, analyzing, and drawing conclusions from data. The course culminates with the Advanced Placement Test in Statistics in May. The students interpret univariate data, explore bivariate data, and learn probability theory, the normal curve, confidence intervals, and tests of significance, adhering to the curriculum outlined by the College Board.

The offerings in this department support the commitment of the school to the welfare of the whole person. Students are encouraged to adopt a life-long personal pattern of physical activity as an important aspect of a healthy lifestyle. Health classes offer students the opportunity to learn how to make sound decisions which avoid harmful behaviors and enhance their general well-being. Specific instruction in such skills as driver education and CPR are provided as part of the two-year required program.

HEALTH & PHYSICAL EDUCATION 1

8010   BOYS                                                       
9     YR    1.0 cr

8110   GIRLS                                                     
9     YR    1.0 cr

Health and Physical Education 1 fulfills the state requirement for all freshmen. Instruction emphasizes the development of a healthy active lifestyle. Health Education includes selected systems of the body and their related health issues; alcohol, drugs, and tobacco; infectious disease; nutrition, stress, and fitness and an updated unit on the implications of “bullying.” Physical Education includes a variety of team and individual activities to meet the student’s present need for fitness and physical activity as well as introducing activities that can be continued later as part of a healthy lifestyle. Additionally there is an option to participate in strength and conditioning every quarter. Physical fitness testing is done in the fall and spring. This course is also available during summer school for an additional fee

HEALTH & PHYSICAL EDUCATION 2

8210   BOYS                                                    
10     YR    1.0 cr

8310   GIRLS                                                   
10     YR    1.0 cr

Health and Physical Education 2 fulfills the state requirement for all sophomores. Health Education includes classroom Driver Education in the fall semester and First Aid in the spring semester. Both classroom and in-car Driver Education are required for individuals under 18 to get a driver’s license. In-car Driver Education is offered on a first-come, first-served basis for an additional fee. Physical Education includes a variety of team and individual activities to meet the individual’s present need for fitness and physical activity as well as introducing activities that can be continued later as part of a healthy lifestyle. Additionally there is an option to participate in strength and conditioning every quarter. Physical fitness testing is done in the fall and spring. This course is also available during summer school, for an additional fee.

8300   SPORTS MEDICINE                 
10-12   SEM    .5 cr

Prerequisites: 2.5 GPA and permission of the instructor.

This course is an introduction to the many aspects of sports medicine. Instruction on common injuries to all parts of the body composes the core of the course. Many non-injury topics are also covered such as sport nutrition, drug abuse in sports, sport psychology, medical conditions and sports participation, sports performance enhancement, and exercise in heat and cold. Careers in sports medicine and an introduction to current literature are also included.

8305   INTRODUCTION TO PROFESSIONAL NURSING
10-12   SEM    .5 cr

Introduction to Professional Nursing is a survey course similar to the type of course required of beginning college students pursuing a bachelor’s degree in the nursing discipline. The course includes the study of the nursing process, selected nursing theories, and a unit on the history of nursing. There is information given about the educational process that students must pursue in order to qualify for the licensing exam. The course will incorporate aspects from other disciplines including ethics, psychology and sociology—all applicable to anyone who might be considering a career in another health care field, such as medicine, physical therapy, pharmacy, occupational therapy, and social work. Students will also examine the various roles that nurses undertake and the many professional career choices available to the licensed practitioner. Writing is an integral part of the course as students will be expected to do library and internet research as they explore the world of professional nursing.

8400   STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING 1
10-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: Permission of the instructor.

Students participate in a program of weight training, flexibility, plyometric and cardiovascular exercises to improve physical fitness.

8420   STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING 2
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: Strength and Conditioning 1 and permission of the instructor.

Students participate in a program of weight training, flexibility, plyometric and cardiovascular exercises to improve physical fitness.

A four-year sequence of a world language is strongly recommended for those students who meet the requirements. All native speakers are tested to determine their level of fluency. Students who have studied a language in their middle school, and want to continue in that language, are given a placement test. No matter the starting level, all students are required to take two years of the same foreign language at Bishop O’Connell. (A middle school language credit does not meet the two year requirement.) Students may not change from one language to another after the first year that the language is studied.

“We have strong evidence today that studying a (world) language has a ripple effect, helping to improve student performance in other subjects.”

Richard Riley, former Secretary of Education

2010   GERMAN 1                                    
9-11     YR    1.0 cr

This course aims to develop the four skills of language learning: listening, speaking, reading and writing. This approach emphasizes the study of dialogues and structural patterns develop skill in pronunciation and listening comprehension. The culture, geography and history of the country are introduced through the use of the text and supplementary materials.

2020   GERMAN 2                                  
10-11     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisite: C in German 1.

This course aims to develop further the four skills of language learning: listening, speaking, reading and writing. This approach emphasizes the study of dialogues, narratives and structural patterns and develops skill in pronunciation and listening comprehension. The cultural study of the country continues, augmented with videos and special projects. A German dictionary is required.

2030   GERMAN 3 HONORS             
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: B average in German 2 and teacher approval.

This course continues the development of the four skills of language learning, with an introduction to a more intensive reading program and more complex structures in composition. The study of the culture of the German-speaking countries as well as early history and literature continues. A German dictionary is required.

2040   GERMAN 4 HONORS             
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: B average in German 3 Honors and teacher approval.

Proficiency in composition and oral discussion continues to be developed through oral presentations and supplementary literature. Grammar points are discussed in finer detail and greater complexity. An overview of German history and literature is studied. The cultural concerns of today’s young people in Germany, Austria and Switzerland are explored in conjunction with those activities. A German dictionary is required.

2100   FRENCH 1                                      
9-11     YR    1.0 cr

This course aims to develop the four skills of language learning: listening, speaking, reading and writing. This approach emphasizes the study of structural patterns, as well as pronunciation and listening comprehension through an oral proficiency approach. The culture, geography and history of the francophone world are introduced through the use of the text and supplementary materials.

2200   FRENCH 2                                    
10-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisite: C in French 1.

This course aims to develop further the four skills of language learning: listening, speaking, reading and writing. This approach emphasizes the study of narratives and structural patterns, as well as pronunciation and listening comprehension through an oral proficiency approach. The cultural study of the francophone world continues, augmented with videos and special projects.

2290   FRENCH 3                                    
10-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: B- in French 2 and teacher approval.

This course continues the four skills of language learning, introducing a more intensive study of complex structures. A study of French history and literature is also introduced. CDs, DVDs, and computer technology are used to enhance this course.

2300   FRENCH 3 HONORS               
10-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: A- in French 2 and teacher approval.

This course includes an intensive study of complex structures with emphasis on translation, writing and oral skills. A survey of French history and literature is conducted. Selected texts, audio and video resources, and other materials enhance this course. Class is conducted primarily in French.

2400   FRENCH 4 HONORS               
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: B+ in French 3 Honors or A- in French 3 and teacher approval.

This course continues the program of study of French 3, including an in-depth survey of French history, literature, and civilization from the Renaissance to the present. The course also includes an intensive study of grammatical structures, reading comprehension, composition and oral skills. Selected texts, audio, video, DVD’s, and other materials supplement this course. Class is conducted in French. This course is available for dual credit through Marymount University.

2450   AP FRENCH 5 LANGUAGE AND CULTURE
12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisite: Teacher approval.

This course emphasizes in depth the four basic skills of language learning. The class is conducted entirely in French. Students are required to speak only in the target language. All students are required to take the AP French Exam. One literary text is read, and the course is supplemented with videos, publications, and other resources.

2460   POST AP FRENCH 6                      
12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisite: Permission of the teacher.

This is an intermediate college level course. Teacher determines topics/major pieces of literature to be studied. Research papers are required.

2500   SPANISH 1                                     
9-11     YR    1.0 cr

This course aims to develop the four skills of language learning: listening, speaking, reading and writing. This approach emphasizes the study of dialogues, narratives and structural patterns and develops skill in pronunciation and listening comprehension. The culture, geography and history of Spain and Latin America are introduced through the use of maps, videos, technology, and other supplementary materials and assignments.

2600   SPANISH 2                                  
10-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisite: C in Spanish 1.

Students attain proficiency in the four skills of language learning: listening, speaking, reading and writing. This approach emphasizes the study of dialogues, narratives and structural patterns and uses CDs and DVD’s to develop skill in pronunciation, critical thinking, and listening comprehension. The cultural study of Spain and Latin America is supplemented with maps, videos and other supplementary material and projects. Technology is integrated into course work to immerse students in authentic language and culture.

2560   SPANISH SPEAKERS 3 HONORS
 9-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisite: Students are selected based on their oral and written skills. Placement interview is required.

The purpose of the Spanish Speakers classes is to refine reading and writing skills of those with native speaking ability. An intensive overview of Spanish grammar, spelling, pronunciation and vocabulary is conducted. The course is enriched with literary and cultural reading selections and projects. Spanish is used exclusively in the classroom.

2690   SPANISH 3                                     
9-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: B in Spanish 2 and recommendation of Spanish 2 teacher.

This course further develops the four basic skills of the target language, with an emphasis on improving oral proficiency. Students are expected to have the ability to understand and respond in basic Spanish. An intensive study of Spanish culture and geography is supplemented with maps, videos, projects and technology.

2700   SPANISH 3 HONORS                
9-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: B+ in Spanish 2 and recommendation of Spanish 2 teacher.

This advanced course further develops the four basic skills of the target language, with an emphasis on oral proficiency. The curriculum includes literary readings of Spanish and Latin American authors, and introduces more advanced grammatical structures of the language. Classes are conducted primarily in Spanish.

2820   SPANISH 4                                     
9-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: B+ in Spanish 3; B in Spanish 3 Honors; and evidence of competence in Spanish 3 grammar.

This course continues the study of grammatical structures with alternate units of introductory literature of Spain and Latin America through short stories. The goal of this course is to reinforce and refine all four skills of the target language.

2575 AP SPANISH SPEAKERS 4 (LANGUAGE)
10-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: B+ average in Spanish Speakers 3 and teacher recommendation.

This class is an intensive overview of Spanish grammar. Special attention is given to advanced grammatical structures. This course is enriched with literary and cultural reading selections and projects. Spanish is used exclusively in the classroom. Students are required to take the AP Language and Culture Exam in May.

2830   SPANISH 4 HONORS             
10-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: B+ in Spanish 3 Honors and recommendation of Spanish 3 teacher; A+ in Spanish 3 and recommendation of Spanish 3 teacher, plus interview with and writing sample for the teacher of Spanish 4 Honors.

This course reviews grammatical structures, and introduces more advanced structures of the language. In addition, it surveys Spanish literature and art. Discussion is in the target language. This course is available for dual credit through Marymount University.

2850   AP SPANISH 5 LITERATURE AND CULTURE
10-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: Recommendation of Spanish 4 Honors or AP Spanish Speakers 4 teacher and approval of AP Spanish Literature and Culture teacher.

The AP Spanish Literature and Culture course is the equivalent of a third-year college literature course. It promotes the formal study of a representative body of literature written in Spanish, from Peninsular Spain, Latin America, and the United States. The course offers students ongoing and varied opportunities to develop proficiency in Spanish across a range of skills, with emphasis on critical reading and analytical writing. In addition, the students will relate the readings to literary, historical, sociocultural, and geopolitical contexts. All students are required to take the AP Spanish Literature and Culture exam at the conclusion of the course.

2890   AP SPANISH 5 LANGUAGE AND CULTURE
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: Recommendation of Spanish 4 Honors teacher and approval of AP Spanish Language and Culture teacher.

The AP Spanish Language and Culture course is a program designed to develop students’ communication skills in Spanish and to prepare students for the AP Spanish Language and Culture Exam. This course emphasizes conversation, composition and advanced grammar. It provides exposure to a variety of materials that expands students’ knowledge of Spanish in both oral and written form. The class is conducted in Spanish. All students are required to take the AP Spanish Language and Culture Exam at the conclusion of the course.

2900   LATIN 1                                           
9-12     YR    1.0 cr

In this course the language and culture of the ancient Romans are introduced through a reading based approach. Latin vocabulary and the basic components of grammar are learned. A study of English word formation and vocabulary building from Latin roots is also incorporated into each chapter.

2950   LATIN 2                                           
9-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisite: C in Latin 1.

This course continues the study of Latin grammar with an emphasis on more complex grammar. The history and the culture of ancient Rome are also studied.

2980   LATIN 3 HONORS                      
9-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisite: B+ average in Latin 2.

This course completes the study of Latin grammar. Grammatical principles are reviewed and consolidated as students are introduced to Latin prose and poetry.2990

LATIN 4 HONORS                                 
10-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisite: B+ average in Latin 3 Honors.

Students continue to develop their skill at translating original Latin texts.

2995   AP LATIN                                     
10-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisite: A- average in Latin 3 Honors.

Students will read, analyze, and interpret portions of Vergil’s Aeneid and Julius Caesar’s Gallic Wars in Latin. This course follows the syllabus and requirements established by the College Board. Students are required to take the AP Latin Exam in May.

2490   ITALIAN                                       
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisite: Two years of another language beyond 8th grade, with an average of B+, and recommendation of current language teacher.

This course aims to develop the four skills of language learning: listening, speaking, reading and writing. This approach emphasizes the study of structural patterns, as well as pronunciation and listening comprehension through an oral proficiency approach. The culture, geography and history of the country are introduced through the use of the text and supplementary materials.

The Science Department offers the courses necessary to meet the needs of the science education of a college preparatory student. These courses are offered at college prep, honors, and AP levels. In a world of ever expanding scientific knowledge and technology, students are taught science with an emphasis on laboratory skills and the process of inquiry and investigative thought. All science courses meet or exceed the guidelines recommended by the Virginia State Standards of Learning and the National Science Foundation.

Science course placement is dependent upon consistency of quarter grades, exam grades, and recommendation of the current science teacher.

Students must maintain a B- average to remain in honor courses.

4190   PRINCIPLES OF MATTER AND ENERGY
 9     YR    1.0 cr

Freshmen: Students are selected by the Science department based on their High School Placement Exam and Diocesan Algebra Exemption Exam scores. Students receive notification of placement in late June.

This is a two semester physical science course that emphasizes chemistry and physics concepts. Students will utilize Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) skills to apply logical thought and creativity to scientific problems. Each student’s mathematical problem-solving, laboratory, analytic writing, and technology skills are developed to prepare them for future science courses.

4200   BIOLOGY 1                                   
9-10     YR    1.0 cr

Freshmen: Students are invited by the Science department based on their High School Placement Exam and Diocesan Algebra Exemption Exam scores. Freshmen receive notification of eligibility in late June.

Biology 1 is a lab-based introductory college preparatory course that emphasizes the following major area of study: (1) an introduction to the basic structure, function, and chemistry of living organisms; (2) Continuity of life through genetics and history of life through an understanding of evolution; (3) Diversity of life from bacteria to green plants and from protozoa to humans; (4) The interdependency of organisms and their environment; (5) Overview of human processes and interrelation of other species and the environment. Labs and computer-based activities are an integral part of this course.

4210   BIOLOGY 1 HONORS               
9-10     YR    1.0 cr

Freshmen: Students are invited by the Science department based on their High School Placement Exam and Diocesan Algebra Exemption Exam scores. Freshmen receive notification of eligibility in late June.

Prerequisite for Rising Sophomores: Grade of B+ or higher in Algebra 1/A. Consent of the Biology 1 Honors instructor required.

Biology 1 Honors is a first year course intended for students who exhibit an above average interest and ability in science. It utilizes the molecular approach to the study of biology. A current, comprehensive background of biology is presented so that the student may make intelligent decisions concerning topics such as growth and development, evolution, genetic engineering, cellular energy, and DNA. The course includes laboratory experiences with emphasis on experimental design and problem-solving skills.

4300   CHEMISTRY                               
10-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisite: Satisfactory completion of Biology and C in Algebra 1/A or B in Algebra 1.

This is an introductory chemistry course designed for a well-rounded liberal arts education. The composition and behavior of matter and energy are the focus of this general chemistry course. Students are expected to develop problem-solving skills which are both mathematical and conceptual. Laboratory experiences are designed to enhance and reinforce classroom instruction.

4350   CHEMISTRY HONORS           
10-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisite: B in Biology Honors or A in Biology; B in Algebra 2/Trig Honors or A- in Algebra 2 Trig, and recommendation of current science teacher. Corequisite: Algebra 2/Trig or higher level math class.

This course is a college preparatory introduction to the study of matter and how energy affects that matter. The course curriculum includes: states of matter, kinetics, equilibrium, atomic theory, acids and bases, and other selected topics. Additional time is scheduled for laboratory experiences to support classroom instruction, to practice inductive reasoning skills, and to emphasize data collection and report writing skills. Students develop and apply analytical thinking and communication skills to theoretical and applied aspects of chemistry. A graphing calculator is required.

4400   PHYSICS                                     
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisite: C in current science and C in Algebra 2/Trig courses or B- in Algebra 2 with concurrent enrollment in College Math Concepts, satisfactory completion of Chemistry and consent of Science department. (Transfer students must have Trigonometry in their background.)

This course presents the physics concepts that form a foundation for the studies of science, technology, and engineering and focuses on discovering relationships between facts and the patterns that exist in nature. Demonstrations, laboratory exercises, and problem solving using mathematical and graphical techniques are incorporated into these concepts. There will be an emphasis on thinking and reasoning to solve problems and apply what has been learned. Topics include kinematics, dynamics, work, energy, heat, and electricity.

4430   PHYSICS HONORS                  
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisite: B- in Chemistry Honors and in Algebra 2/Trig Honors, or B+ in Chemistry and Algebra 2/Trig, and the consent of current science and Physics Honors instructor.

Physics Honors provides a rigorous analysis of the main principles of classical and modern physics and emphasizes the development of critical thinking and problem-solving strategies. Mathematical reasoning, laboratory experiences, some computer-based, and calculator graphing and programming are utilized in the development of the principles involved and the ability to apply these principles in the solution of problems. Topics include kinematics, dynamics, work, energy, waves, light and optics, mechanics, and electricity. A programmable graphing calculator is required.

4450   AP PHYSICS B                           
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: B+ in Chemistry Honors and math honors classes. Requires department approval and consent of the AP Physics instructor.Corequisite: Enrollment in Pre-Calculus Honors (3450) or Calculus (3510, 3550, or 3580).

AP Physics B is equivalent to a first-year college level introductory physics course. Emphasis is divided between theory and problem solving. Topics addressed in this course include mechanics, thermodynamics, light, electricity and magnetism. Students are required to take the AP College Board Physics B exam in May. Graphing calculators are required. This course fulfills the computer requirement for graduation.

4490   AP PHYSICS C                           
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: B+ in AP Physics B or Physics Honors (4430). Departmental approval and consent of the current AP Physics C instructor.Corequisite: Enrollment in Calculus.

Advanced Placement Physics C is designed as a follow-up to an introductory physics course. The curriculum is equivalent to a first year college-level physics course for those students majoring in science and engineering. Emphasis is placed on advanced techniques of problem-solving, including the use of calculus. Topics addressed in this course include mechanics, electricity, and magnetism with strong emphasis on electricity and magnetism. Students are required to take the AP College Board Physics C exam in May.

4250   AP BIOLOGY                             
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisite: B in Biology Honors and B in Chemistry Honors or B+ in Biology and B+ in Chemistry, departmental approval and consent of the current AP Biology instructor.

The AP Biology course is the equivalent of a two semester college introductory biology course and includes those topics regularly covered in a college biology course for majors. There is a strong emphasis on laboratory skills and independent reading and study. The course provides students with the conceptual framework, factual knowledge, and analytical skills necessary to deal with the rapidly changing science of biology. Students are required to take the AP College Board Biology exam in May. This course fulfills the computer requirement for graduation.

4370   AP CHEMISTRY                        
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: B or higher in science honors and math honors courses, including Algebra 2/Trig. Requires departmental approval and consent of the current AP Chemistry instructor.

Corequisite: Physics Honors or AP Physics

The AP Chemistry course is designed to be the equivalent of the general chemistry course usually taken during the first college year. For some students, this course enables them to undertake, in their first year, second-year work in the chemistry sequence at their institution or to register in courses in other fields where general chemistry is a prerequisite. For other students, the AP Chemistry course fulfills the laboratory science requirement and frees time for other courses. There is a strong emphasis on laboratory skills and independent reading and study. The course provides students with the conceptual framework, factual knowledge, and analytical skills necessary to deal with the rapidly changing science of Chemistry. Students are required to take the AP College Board Chemistry exam in May. This course fulfills the computer requirement for graduation.

4290   AP ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: Grade of B+ in Biology and Chemistry. Prerequisite or Corequisite: Physics, Physics Honors, or AP Physics. Requires consent of the current AP Environmental Science instructor.

This college level interdisciplinary course integrates scientific principles of chemistry, biology, and earth science to understand interrelationships of the natural world. The class explores topics such as ecology, populations, resource use, pollution, and biodiversity. Environmental problems, both natural and man-made, are identified and analyzed in classroom lectures, labs, field work, and independent projects. This course prepares students for the required AP Environmental Science exam in May.

4270   ECOLOGY                                   
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: Satisfactory completion of Biology and Chemistry.

This course examines the environment and humanity’s impact on it. The students develop an understanding of what an ecosystem is and the characteristics that determine the types and numbers of organisms that live there. Topics include an examination of the atmosphere (air), the hydrosphere (water) and the lithosphere (soil) and how they sustain the biosphere (life). The role humans and modern society have played in changing each of these spheres is also studied. Students evaluate different problems facing the earth today, including the human impact on ecosystems, use of natural resources and current conservation issues, and possible measures that can be taken to reverse these negative effects and preserve our ecosystems are explored.

4500   ANATOMY& PHYSIOLOGY
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: Satisfactory completion of Biology and Chemistry.

Anatomy and physiology is the study of the structure and function of the body. The course begins with a review of basic cell concepts, including cell structure, cell reproduction, and protein synthesis. The class then examines major tissue types before discussing each of the organ systems in detail. Health issues such as immunity, common genetic disorders, and cancer are also investigated. Projects and laboratory activities enhance the learning experience.

4600   FORENSIC SCIENCE               
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: B in Biology and Chemistry. Corequisite: Physics.

Forensic Science is a multidisciplinary laboratory program that incorporates concepts in many areas of science including chemistry, zoology, anatomy, genetics, physics, medicine, math and statistics, sociology, ethics, law, psychology, and communications. Students study a wide range of forensic disciplines with an emphasis on the practical application of scientific principles in the laboratory. Students are trained to evaluate physical evidence and findings by applying the scientific method. Students must then be prepared to defend conclusions based on their own empirical evidence. This course is available for dual credit through Marymount University.

4620   INTRO TO ENGINEERING DESIGN
10-11     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisite: Successful completion Algebra 1/A or Algebra 1. Corequisite: Biology 1 or Biology 1 Honors. Consent of Engineering instructor required.

Introduction to Engineering Design is a sophomore or junior year course that focuses on the process of engineering design and its application. Through hands-on projects, students will apply STEM concepts, understand important standards in the various fields of engineering, and document their work in solving engineering-based problems. Students will use industry standard 3-D modeling software to design solutions as well as an engineer notebook for the recording of all data. Students will conclude projects by presenting their work to peers and faculty members.

4665   PRINCIPLES OF ENGINEERING
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: B- in Algebra 2/Trig, B- in Physics or Corequisite: Physics.

This course will emphasize the underlying principles of engineering and technology. Students will apply STEM concepts to real-world problems to develop critical thinking and problem solving skills in four engineering disciplines: civil, mechanical, electrical, and aerospace engineering. Students will improve their use of mathematical analysis, computer simulations, and scientific method. Engineers often work as part of a team to plan, design, and supervise the development of a project from conception through completion. This course will emphasize project work and team-based assignments. It is intended for students with strong STEM skills who have an interest in engineering as a career.

4700   INDEPENDENT RESEARCH
10-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisite: Requires consent of the Science department chairperson.

This course is designed to give students the opportunity to perform in-depth scientific research on a particular topic. Emphasis is placed on experimental design, laboratory skills, library research, and computer technology. Appropriate forms of statistical analysis are taught and utilized for research purposes. Students are required to produce a project/paper for submission to regional science fairs, the Virginia Junior Academy of Science, and competitions such as Intel and Toshiba. This course fulfills the computer requirement for graduation.

Visual Arts

6010   ART 1                                             
10-11     YR    1.0 cr

This course is for beginners and students with limited experience prior to high school, who wants to learn the fundamentals of drawing, painting, sculpture and printmaking. This teacher-directed course explores art history in a manner that enriches students’ appreciation of art as they develop their visual communication skills. It enhances their ability to self-express, enriches their cooperative learning skills and offers them an intellectual aesthetic for the arts, while building their art vocabulary. Materials fee required.

6020   ART 2                                             
10-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: Art I or Graphics and/or presentation of a portfolio for instructor permission.

This course is offered as a sequential step from Art I or Graphics. Students build on previous knowledge and vocabulary and have the opportunity to publish their work in the school art and literary magazine. They may also participate in shows outside the school environment. Students focus on beginning to build a portfolio. Materials fee required.

6030   ADVANCED ART HONORS 
10-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: Formal review of a portfolio containing three completed drawings, including one perspective drawing, and permission of a committee of art instructors.

Advanced Art Honors provides students with the opportunity to engage in the advanced study of art processes, vocabulary and art history. Students are expected to demonstrate principles and elements in art as well as visually communicate ideas, using advanced approaches in drawing and painting. The instructor guides students to form goals and develop individual styles, to become familiar with art schools and art related careers. Students develop a portfolio of their work and contribute artwork to the Largesse and to displays within and outside the school. There is a focus on presentation, quality work, exhibition and purpose. Materials fee required.

6045   AP DRAWING                            
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: Formal review of a portfolio containing four completed drawings and permission from a committee of art instructors.

This course is designed for students who demonstrate proficient skills in drawing and painting. Students apply the elements and principles of art effectively to communicate their ideas visually and verbally in two dimensions. They must exhibit a strong commitment to their discipline. Students are required to submit a portfolio for consideration to the Advanced Placement Board for possible college credit pending a qualifying score. Materials fee required.

6049   AP ART HISTORY                    
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: B+ in English and permission of instructor.

What is art? This college level course explores the history of the art of the world from the prehistoric era to the present. The class addresses stylistic development and cultural values, as well as the historical context that influence artistic production and practice. The class uses an interdisciplinary approach to discuss style, content, meaning, patronage, faith, interpretation, context, and significance of works of art, preparing students for the AP Art History exam in May. The course includes one term paper over the course of the year.

6500   PHOTOGRAPHY                      
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: Graphics or Art I. Students must complete an application and receive a signed permission form from instructor.

Because of limited space, this class is open to only 12 students. In this full-year intensive study of photography, students study photographic processes and the history of photography. The course follows the basic fundamentals of black and white photo processing. Students make their own cameras, process film and learn darkroom techniques. They use a variety of printing techniques, special effects, some Photoshop, and learn the importance of filters while working in a safe and controlled chemical environment.

Students are required to participate in photographing for the school newspaper, the yearbook and the school art and literary magazine. Students must devote time outside of class in this course. Students also encounter outside expenses for a 35mm SLR camera (if the student does not already own one). Materials fee required.

6600   GRAPHIC DESIGN                   
10-12   SEM    .5 cr

This course focuses on commercial design. Students learn the fundamentals of design, including layout, illustration, fashion, furniture, interior design, poster design and T-shirt design. They experience graphic history and disciplines through multi-media and become comfortable working with a variety of materials. Materials fee required.

Music

6350   CONCERT BAND                         
9-12     YR    1.0 cr

Admission to the course is based on playing experience and a placement examination. Students learn about musicianship through the performance of traditional and modern band literature. The goal of this course is to develop the student’s skills as a musical artisan. That means guiding the students to learn the theoretical concepts behind what is being performed, to develop skills as an instrumentalist, to gain knowledge in proper concert performance etiquette, and to develop teamwork.

6450   SYMPHONIC BAND HONORS
10-12     YR    1.0 cr

Admission to this course is based on playing ability through a placement examination. In this course the advanced students earn honors credit and continue to progress in band performance. The students are challenged through learning the music theory behind what will be performed. The goal of this course is to further develop musical artists. That means guiding the students to become independently thinking, working, and literate musicians. Because this is an honors course, a strict code of practice, discipline, and performance is required to succeed in this class. Projects for this honors class include outside of class group rehearsals related to the student’s instrument.

6200   STRINGS                                         
9-12     YR    1.0 cr

6250   STRINGS HONORS                  
0-12     YR    1.0 cr

Admission to this course is based on playing experience and placement examination. The orchestra consists of violin, viola, cello and bass. Students study and perform all periods and styles of orchestral literature. The goal of this course is to grow as musical artists. That means guiding the students to become independently thinking, working, and literate musicians. Students play as a full orchestra, but also create smaller ensembles to cover a larger variety of string music. Honors credit is available for students after playing in the orchestra for at least one year. Maintenance fee required.

6831   JAZZ ENSEMBLE                     
10-12     YR       .5cr

Prerequisites: Department audition and one year in orchestra or guitar class (for strings and guitar) or one year in concert or symphonic band (for wind and percussion).

Admission to this course is based on playing ability through a placement examination. The ensemble is made up of the standard big band instrumentation. Students learn many different styles of popular music including, jazz, rock, fusion, Latin, and blues. Each student in the ensemble also learns jazz theory, jazz history, and the art of improvisation. This class meets after school.

6360   PIANO SEMINAR                     
9-12     YR    1.0 cr

6365   PIANO SEMINAR HONORS
10-12     YR    1.0 cr

Piano Seminar is a course designed for students with all levels of piano playing experience. This class covers basic theory and harmony, scales and arpeggios, improvisational techniques, music history, and performance practices. This course is designed to shape a well-rounded pianist. This course is available for honors credit with audition and instructor approval. Materials fee required.

6370   BEGINNING GUITAR                 
9-12   SEM    .5 cr

Beginning Guitar is a course designed for those with little to no knowledge of how to play guitar. The focus of this class is on basic classical guitar techniques and playing styles. A mixture of older traditional songs and more contemporary pop tunes is used to educate the student on the proper methods of playing. Basic music theory, guitar history and the ability to read music is taught as well. Maintenance fee required.

6380   INTERMEDIATE GUITAR         
9-12   SEM    .5 cr

Admission to this class is based on playing experience and placement examination. Intermediate Guitar is a course designed for those with a basic understanding of classical guitar playing. The focus of this class is on more advanced classical guitar music and techniques. A mixture of older traditional songs and more contemporary pop tunes are used to further educate the student on the proper methods of playing. Some music theory and history is taught as well. A fee is required for this course.

6384 ADVANCED GUITAR LAB                                                                     
10 – 12   YR   1.0 cr

6385 ADVANCED GUITAR LAB HONORS                                      
11 – 12   YR   1.0 cr

Admittance to this class is by audition only.  Students explore more advanced concepts of solo and ensemble guitar playing through the study of classical and popular guitar technique and theory.  The goal of this class is to produce independently thinking and literate musicians.  The students from this class have performance opportunities at Mass, on retreats, in guitar showcases and at the Festival of the Arts.  This course may be taken for honors credit depending on the student’s ability. Honors students are further challenged to learn the related tenants of music theory required to attend performancesoutside of class for credit and to perform in a small group as an honors project. This course will also take the development of teamwork and esprit de corps to the highest possible level. 

6570   CONCERT CHOIR-MEN           
9-12     YR    1.0 cr

6571   CONCERT CHOIR-MEN HONORS
10-12     YR    1.0 cr

Concert Choir-Men is open to all interested male singers. This class and Concert Choir-Women perform and rehearse together as a mixed ensemble in addition to rehearsing and performing separately. Students focus on proper techniques of male singing and perform a wide variety of musical styles from classical to jazz and pop. Performance opportunities include Christmas and spring concerts, District Choral Festival, the spring music trip and school Masses. The students are also challenged through learning the music theory behind what is performed. The goal of this course is to develop musical artists, guiding the student to become independently thinking, working, and literate musicians. No audition or pre-requisite is required.

6575   CONCERT CHOIR-WOMEN   
9-12     YR    1.0 cr

Concert Choir-Women is open to all interested female singers. This class and Concert Choir-Men perform and rehearse together as a mixed ensemble in addition to rehearsing and performing separately. Students are able to focus on proper techniques of female singing and perform a wide variety of musical styles from classical to jazz and pop. Performance opportunities include Christmas and spring concerts, District Choral Festival, the spring music trip and school Masses. The students are challenged through learning the music theory behind what is performed. The goal of this course is to develop musical artists. That means guiding the student to become independently thinking, working, and literate musicians. No audition or pre-requisite is required.

6580   O’CONNELL SINGERS HONORS
10-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisite: Audition.

O’Connell Singers is open to highly qualified female singers. The class is an elite group of individuals dedicated to producing high-quality performances of challenging repertoire in a variety of styles from classical to jazz and pop. Performance opportunities include Christmas and spring concerts, District Choral Festival, the spring music trip, school Masses and other outside performances as ambassadors of the school. Students receive honors credit and are challenged through learning the music theory behind what is performed. The goal of this course is to further develop musical artists. That means guiding the student to become independently thinking, working, and literate musicians. Admission is by audition only and prior choral singing experience is preferred.

6625   MUSICAL THEATRE 1            
10-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisite: By audition or teacher recommendation.

This course is designed to teach students how to apply advanced acting techniques to interpreting songs and ensembles from the music theatre repertoire and to prepare them for college and professional auditions. The student analyzes songs and text, studies how to perform a musical theatre piece, learns how to perform in an ensemble, learns and practices audition techniques to provide a firm musically-based foundation as a performer.

6630   MUSICAL THEATRE 2            
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisite: Successful completion of Musical Theatre 1 or teacher recommendation.

This course is designed to expand upon the knowledge, skills and techniques learned in Musical Theatre 1 and focus on individual growth through the aspects of American Musical theatre. Students continue learning about composers and their influences on musical theatre, learn to recognize connective tissue between all elements of the arts and how they are incorporated in musical theatre, and reinforce critical thinking skills learned in core subjects to be applied to performance. At the end of the year students perform in a cumulative showcase performance as their final project.

6650   AP MUSIC THEORY                
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisite: One year of vocal or instrumental class or ensemble.

This course is offered to students who have a strong foundation in music. Successful completion of a preparatory summer assignment is required. Students work at a college pace mastering musical rudiments such as notation, intervals, scales and keys, chords, metric organization, and rhythmic patterns. Students work on aural skills, compositional skills, sight-singing skills, and analytical skills as they apply to music theory. Students are required to take the AP Music Theory exam.

6660   SURVEY OF WORLD MUSIC
10-12   SEM    .5 cr

This course explores the classical and folk music of different world cultures. Students are challenged to identify the characteristics of the types of music studied and to understand how music is viewed in different cultures. Course curriculum includes reading, listening and writing assignments related to the music being studied. In addition, learning and playing a variety of world drums and instruments will be explored. Students will have the opportunity to learn the basics of playing world instruments. Students must have access to a computer with Internet capability as listening is assigned from Internet sources.

6665   SURVEY OF AMERICAN MUSIC
10-12   SEM    .5 cr

This course explores the development of classical and folk music in the United States. Students are challenged to identify the characteristics of Native American music, colonial music, a variety of folk music in American history including, slave songs, classical music, the blues, jazz, country and western, rock and funk. Course curriculum includes reading, listening and writing assignments related to the music being studied. Students must have access to a computer with Internet capability as listening is assigned from Internet sources. This class fulfills a Social Studies requirement for graduation.

6455   PERCUSSION ENSEMBLE      
9-11     YR    1.0 cr

This class is designed for students who are completely new to percussion instruments or students who play piano and would like to transfer their piano skills into playing mallet percussion instruments. The course will begin with basic percussion techniques and will include learning the fundamentals of playing a variety of percussion instruments and developing and applying musicianship and ensemble skills to the genre. Students are expected to learn how to read music, learn how to play a variety of percussion instruments, and perform as an ensemble by the end of the school year. A wide variety of percussion techniques, styles, and music will be taught, ranging from traditional western music to contemporary percussion ensemble music. Students will be expected to exhibit a strong work ethic, an open mind, and a high level of discipline.

6590   MUSIC TECHNOLOGY 1         
9-12     YR    1.0 cr

Students will learn how technology has affected music performance and reproduction and distribution. Students will learn recording technology methods including live and studio recording techniques and remixing. Students will learn computer based music notation, sound sampling, and electronic music production, and have the opportunity to utilize beat making and midi technology. This course fulfills the computer requirement for graduation.

6591   MUSIC TECHNOLOGY 2       
10-12     YR     1.0 cr

Prerequisite: Music Technology I (or waiver from music program director).

Building on the skills learned in Music Technology 1, students will continue to hone their skills and be required to submit an Honors portfolio of music technology projects. Students will provide the vision and management for the production of music recordings. There is a fee for this course.

Media, Drama, and Humanities

6700   INTRO TO FILM                        
10-12   SEM    .5 cr

The description for this class which fulfills a student’s fine arts requirement may be found in the English department offerings.

6800   VIDEO PRODUCTION I         
10-12   SEM    .5 cr

In this course students learn how to produce their own films. Students cover all aspects from developing an idea into a script, coordinating all the necessary actors, settings and props, filming and directing and finally editing. Throughout the semester, students encounter and learn to deal with various challenges that arise during the filmmaking process. A minimum of four films are produced; one of which is a final production done by each individual student.

6850   INTRODUCTION TO HUMANITIES HONORS
11-12   SEM    .5 cr

Prerequisite: B+ in English.

This honors course presents artistic patterns of relationship from ancient Greece to the present among philosophy, literature, architecture, sculpture, painting and music–all in light of the major historical events of each period. Content focuses on the interrelationships between arts and ideas in the framework of their proper historical and cultural settings. Field trips to local art centers and theatrical productions are scheduled for first hand experiences.

Lessons include presentations by experts in art, music, philosophy, and literature drawn from O’Connell faculty and the community. Sample topics include: Greek drama and architecture; Roman poetry, painting and architecture; Medieval music, painting and architecture; Renaissance poetry, drama, painting and music as well as samples of the artistic productions of the Neo-classic, Romantic and Modern Periods.

6915   ACTING 1                                     
10-12   SEM    .5 cr

Acting 1 focuses on basic acting techniques such as improvisations, pantomime, mime, voice, diction, beginning characterization, and scene study. Exercises include monologues and group scene work. Students are acquainted with the responsibilities of a producer and director, as well as set, lighting, costume, and makeup designers.

6916   ACTING 2 (S)                              
11-12   SEM    .5 cr

Prerequisite: Acting 1 or teacher recommendation

A continuation of Acting 1, Acting 2 involves students’ learning to develop, communicate, and sustain characters in formal and improvisational activities through learning about themselves. From readiness warm-ups to Stanislavki’s 10-Step System to scene study and performance, Acting 2 students discover various approaches to acting and communicating on stage. Students develop creative ideas and artistic expression through researching and evaluating scripts for comparison of stage directions and character outcome. Class activities include in-depth study and analysis of characters and scenes through assignments.

Through a variety of electives, members of this department prepare students for success in ever changing, rapidly evolving technology fields. Business courses such as personal finance and sports/entertainment marketing provide students with a strong foundation for further entrepreneurial studies at the university level.

Bishop O’Connell requires every student to earn a .5 computer credit for graduation. The following is a list of computer courses offered by this department that meet that requirement:

Introduction to Digital Technology and Applications (7520)                         Desktop Publishing (7620)
Multimedia and Image Management (7640)*                                                   Computer Science Fundamentals (7770)
HTML: An Introduction to Web Page Development (7810)                             Game Development (7780)
Dreamweaver: Web Authoring and Scripting (7830)                                      
AP Computer Science (7790)

*also meets the Fine Arts .5 credit requirement

Business Courses

7250   ACCOUNTING 1 HONORS   
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: B+ in Math or B in Math Honors and permission of instructor.

This course is designed to provide students with an understanding of the basic accounting systems in a sole-proprietorship and a partnership. It explores the financial records of a service business and a merchandising business. The course introduces terminology that enables students to have a better understanding of the economic and financial activities of the business world for both employment and personal use.

This course also teaches basic payroll procedures and the accounting cycle for a corporation. The course provides students the opportunity to work on case studies that enhance student interest. This course provides a practical background for future study in accounting and business management. Students are afforded a real life business situation through an assignment of an accounting practice set for a merchandising business. Students complete a simulation and complete more detailed work on the computer. This is an excellent course for students who are planning to pursue a business major in college.

7350   ACCOUNTING 2 HONORS   
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: B+ in Accounting 1 Honors and permission of instructor.

This advanced accounting course is a one-year course that builds on the concepts learned in Accounting 1. Students further examine accounting theory and accounting concepts for corporate accounting. New topics include: uncollectible accounts; depreciation; inventory; various types of liabilities; global business; and accounting for partnerships. Students examine case studies to apply concepts learned to real-life situations. This is an excellent course for students who are thinking about pursuing a major in accounting or related fields.

7370   SPORTS & ENTERTAINMENT MARKETING
11-12   SEM    .5 cr

This class is designed to introduce students to various aspects of sports and entertainment marketing. Each marketing function is incorporated throughout the course. Through the use of the textbook, the Internet, and class activities/projects, students explore the history of the sports and entertainment industries; similarities and differences between the two; product, promotion, pricing, branding, imaging, and licensing within these industries; and identifying career opportunities.

7300   PERSONAL FINANCE IN THE U.S. ECONOMY
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

Personal Finance in the U.S. Economy explores exciting and interesting areas that will help students gain the necessary skills to ensure their future financial security. Students will explore ways to be effective budgeters, savers, investors, consumers, and workers. To help students extend their understanding, they will complete tax forms, participate virtually in the stock market, reconcile checking accounts; prepare a budget, compare traditional banks to credit unions, and research the different credit card companies and insurance policies. Economic concepts will be presented which will help students understand how the economy and current events can impact their lives.

7550   PRINCIPLES OF BUSINESS 
10-12   SEM    .5 cr

This course introduces students to the concepts of the U.S. business system and provides them with an understanding of the skills needed in the business world. It provides an overview to various business areas such as the economic environment, business operations, the global economy, marketing, financial management, and business management.

Computer Courses

7520   INTRODUCTION TO DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY AND APPS            
10-12    SEM      .5 cr

Using Microsoft Office, Google Docs, and other Web 2.0 tools, this course integrates lessons in word processing, spreadsheets, and presentation software into student-centered, hands –on approach to integrating computing concepts that are now essential life skills. This encompasses the evolution of technology from its early history to the latest developments, such as blogs, podcasts, wikis, VOIPs, social networking, and cloud computing.

7620   DESKTOP PUBLISHING        
10-12   SEM    .5 cr

Using Adobe InDesign, students learn the basic elements of design and desktop publishing. Students create flyers, brochures, and other publications. This course is especially advantageous for those interested in joining the Yearbook staff.

7640   MULTIMEDIA AND IMAGE MANAGEMENT
10-12     YR    1.0 cr

In this course students explore the creative end of business technology and prepare for a business world in which they are expected to use business-standard software applications to complete projects and solve problems. The applications include digital photography and video, image manipulation, desktop publishing, and animation. Topics include print publishing systems, presentation strategies, and professional communication skills. Students will complete hands-on activities using Adobe Photoshop CS5, Illustrator CS5, Flash CS5, Microsoft Excel, and mobile devices. Students learn tips for taking better digital photographs, how to edit them, how to complete several original projects using image editing skills, and how to create and edit animated movie clips. A small expense may be involved for materials. This course fulfills both the computer and the fine arts requirement for graduation.

7770 COMPUTER SCIENCE FUNDAMENTALS                   
10 –12   YR    1.0 cr

In this hands-on computer programming course, students learn the basics of computer programming. Students will develop working programs in a variety of languages and environments, including Alice, Java, and Python, and gain an understanding of programming fundamentals and object-oriented design.   Students will also be introduced to topics related to society and technology, including ethical issues and emerging trends in computer science.  This course is a prerequisite for AP Computer Science.

7810   HTML: WEB PAGE DESIGN/MOBILE APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT    
10-12    SEM      .5 cr

Prerequisite: Permission of instructor.

This course focuses on the design and development of web pages and/or mobile applications. Students are introduced to Hypertext Markup Language standard (HTML & CSS) to create web pages and/or mobile applications. Among the topics covered are: organization, style, updating, proofreading, incorporation of graphics, and enhancements to the site or application. Scanners, smartphones, and digital cameras may be used for some of the projects.

7830   DREAMWEAVER: WEB AUTHORING AND SCRIPTING 
10-12    SEM      .5 cr

This course introduces students to Adobe Dreamweaver CS5 by guiding them step by step through the development of web projects. Using this web authoring tool, students learn how to visually design and manage websites and pages. Students plan, build, and maintain four uniform websites and one individual website throughout the semester.

7780   GAME DEVELOPMENT WITH XNA 1
11-12   SEM    .5 cr

Prerequisite: Students must have previously studied computer science during one or two years of introductory and /or advanced courses.

Students will build upon their foundational programming knowledge and skills by designing and implementing games and simulations that utilize input and output, and will involve complex logic. They will explore game and simulation development as communication and art and apply knowledge of variables, conditionals, loops, Object-Oriented programming (OOP), recursion, and data structures to game creation.

7781   GAME DEVELOPMENT WITH XNA 2
11-12   SEM    .5 cr

Prerequisite: Must have completed Game Development with XNA 1

Students will build upon the skills and knowledge learned in Game Development 1 to develop games with XNA.

7790   AP COMPUTER SCIENCE     
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: Successful completion of Computer Science Fundamentals (7770) and permission of computer science instructor.

Utilizing the Java Programming language, students advance their study of computer science with an emphasis on developing computer programs or parts of programs to solve problems. Topics include the development and analysis of algorithms, the development and use of fundamental data structures, the design issues that make programs understandable and adaptable, and social and ethical issues in computer science. Students must have access to a network enabled computer to complete assignments at home. This course prepares the students for the AP Computer Science exam in computer science in May.

The Social Studies department is committed to providing a challenging and engaging learning experience for students by employing creative pedagogies and leveraging the use of variety of instructional technologies. It is a goal of the department to assist students in being good citizens of the country and the world. Those who qualify for Honors and Advanced Placement are encouraged to select these courses.

5100   WORLD HISTORY                             
9     YR    1.0 cr

World History is a survey course covering the major political, economic, social, religious, and cultural developments of the peoples of the world. The course is presented chronologically, beginning with prehistoric man and continuing into the 20th century. Emphasis is placed on the development of Western civilization, but students are also introduced to the major achievements of non-western civilizations and cultures. Social Studies skills such as analysis, interpretation, and evaluation are explored and practiced by the students and woven into the continuing development of humanity.

5150   WORLD HISTORY HONORS         
9     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisite: Acceptance in English 1 Honors and/or approval of department chairperson.

This course provides students with a challenging and stimulating view of world history. Beginning with human origins and the earliest civilizations, the course develops an in-depth knowledge of the human presence in the world along the path of history through the present. Instructional format is multifaceted with the use of lectures, questioning and exchange, independent research using the Internet and frequent written assignments (projects and papers) based on the student’s research.

5175   WORLD GEOGRAPHY           
10-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: Completion of World History or World History Honors

The focus of this course is the study of the world’s peoples, places, and environments, with an emphasis on world regions. The knowledge, skills, and perspectives of the course are centered on the world’s peoples and their cultural characteristics, landforms and climates, economic development, and migration and settlement patterns. Spatial concepts of geography are used as a framework for studying interactions between humans and their environments. Using geographic resources, students employ inquiry, research, and technology skills to ask and answer geographic questions. Particular emphasis is placed on students’ understanding and applying geographic concepts and skills to their daily lives.

Geographic skills provide the necessary tools and technologies for thinking geographically, making reasoned political decisions, and aiding in the development and presentation of effective, persuasive arguments for and against matters of public policy. All of these decisions involve the ability to acquire, arrange, and use geographic information. Maps, as well as graphs, sketches, diagrams, photographs, and satellite-produced images, are essential tools of geography used in this course.

5255   MODERN EUROPEAN HISTORY HONORS
10-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: B+ in World History or B in World History Honors; B in current English class; recommendations of World History teacher and approval of department chairperson.

The course involves the study of the history of Europe from the origins of the Renaissance to the fall of Eastern European communism, the reunification of Germany, and the movement to the creation of a united Europe. Emphasis is placed on analysis of primary source materials, development of analytical reading skills, coherent essay writing, and independent thought and study skills.

5250   AP MODERN EUROPEAN HISTORY
10     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: A- in World History or B+ in World History Honors; B+ in current English class; World History teacher recommendation and approval of department chair.Students are required to submit a writing sample.

The course involves the study of the history of Europe from the origins of the Renaissance to the fall of Eastern European communism, the reunification of Germany, and the movement to the creation of a united Europe. Emphasis is placed on analysis of primary source materials, development of analytical reading skills, coherent essay writing, and independent thought and study skills. All students enrolled in this course are required to take the AP European History exam in May. The completion of a summer project is required by the beginning of school.

5960   PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS
10-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: Completion of World History or World History Honors

This is a multi-faceted, action-oriented, in-school elective economics course. It is designed and developed for the purpose of giving students an opportunity to examine their talents related to business and economics in long range preparation for following one of the areas of instruction as a career. Students are instructed in the basic tenets of the American free enterprise system. Work on computer simulations that relate to both micro and macroeconomics is an integral part of the course work.

5280   AFRICAN-AMERICAN HISTORY
10-12   SEM    .5 cr

This course is an introductory survey of African-American history starting with the African background and following through to the status of African-Americans in the United States today. Topics include: accomplishments of African civilizations before contact with Europeans, African way of life, the trans-Atlantic slave trade, slavery, African-Americans in the Civil War, the abolition of slavery, Reconstruction, Jim Crow and segregation, the Great Migration and issues facing African-Americans in the North, the civil rights revolution, Christianity in African-American history, equality movements in the North, Black nationalism, and contemporary issues in the African-American community, including the achievement gap, the wage gap, Hip-Hop culture, housing discrimination, and overrepresentation/unjust treatment in the criminal justice system.

5287   U.S. CIVIL RIGHTS AND CIVIL LIBERTIES
10-12   SEM    .5 cr

This course examines the civil rights and liberties in the United States of Asian Americans, African Americans, Hispanics, Women, as well as the disabled, religious groups, and minor political parties. Civil liberties such as freedom of speech and of assembly as they relate to these groups and how they are used in times of social change and unrest will also be covered. Students will examine the denial of these rights by laws, social convention and other factors. The time period of study will begin at the end of Reconstruction, but will focus on the 20th century. How these rights and liberties were strengthened and gained through laws, protest, economics, and the arts and entertainment will be pursued through a variety of sources both print and online. Student participation and group discussion will play an important role in the class. Assessments will focus on essay tests on the class material, and research papers on such topic as leaders in the civil rights/civil liberties movement.

5300   U.S. AND VIRGINIA HISTORY   
11     YR    1.0 cr

United States and Virginia History is a survey course in American history with special emphasis on the history of Virginia. The course traces the development of the political, economic, religious, and social life of the people of the United States from the 15th century to the contemporary period. U.S. relations with foreign countries are explored. The positive influence of Judeo-Christian values in American life is emphasized. Geography is stressed as a factor in the complete understanding of the social development of the country.

5320   U.S. AND VIRGINIA HISTORY HONORS
11     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: A- in History or B+ in Honors History or B in AP Modern European History. Social Studies teacher recommendation and approval of department chair. Students are required to submit a writing sample.

The course traces the development of political, economic, religious, and social life of the people of the United States from the Constitutional Period to the present. A college text is used and an increased focus on writing skills is required. Syllabus from the selections of the College Board is a guideline for the teacher. Geography is stressed throughout the course. The completion of a summer project is required by the beginning of school.

5350   AP U.S. HISTORY                            
11     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: A in History, A- in Honors History, or B in AP History; B in current English class; Social Studies teacher recommendation and approval of department chair. Students are required to submit a writing sample.

This course involves a study of the formative movements in the development of American civilization within a chronological framework. Emphasis is placed on historiography, analysis of primary source materials, development of discriminatory reading powers, coherent essay writing, and independent study skills. All students enrolled in this course are required to take the AP U.S. History exam in May. The completion of a summer project is required by the beginning of school.

5000   AMERICAN STUDIES                    
11     YR    1.0 cr

American Studies is an interdisciplinary course that integrates U.S. History and English 3 into a humanities-based curriculum. The course is designed to unite American history and literature in order to expand students’ understanding of the origin and development of American traditions, values, and institutions. Works of literature are taught within their historical context and, similarly, works of history are used to support and strengthen students’ understanding of literary trends. The course also draws extensively from its related disciplines. Theme related art, music, selected readings, and writing are incorporated into daily lessons to enhance the study of social history and to illustrate for students how individuals, communities, and social organizations and movements have shaped, and continue to shape, the American landscape. This course meets the requirements for 1 credit each in U.S. & Virginia History and English 3.

5580   PSYCHOLOGY                          
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

This course covers the core concepts in psychology emphasizing the use of the scientific method in social science research and the physiological bases of behavior. Topics covered in the first semester will include the brain, sensation and perception, states of consciousness (sleep/dreams/hypnosis/daydreams), memory and learning. During the second semester the topics will cover human development, personality, disorders, therapy and social psychology.

5590   AP PSYCHOLOGY                   
11-12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisite: Recommendation of current Social Studies teacher and/or permission of instructor; approval of department chair.

The AP Psychology course is designed to introduce students to the systematic and scientific study of the behavior and mental process of human beings and other species. Students are exposed to the psychological facts, principles, and phenomena associated with each of the major subfields within psychology. Additionally, students study and implement the ethics and methods psychologists use in their science and practice. At the completion of the course, students are required to take the AP Psychology exam covering such areas as research methods, states of consciousness, learning, personality, and abnormal psychology.

5330   AFRICAN CULTURES AND CIVILIZATION
11-12   SEM    .5 cr

This course focuses on African culture, tradition, history, socio-economic development and overall colonial and post-colonial development. Each country is discussed in its turn, but longer discussions revolve around those countries embroiled in current global events. The political environment of many African nations requires in-depth discussion and study–for instance, Somalia, Kenya, Ghana, Sudan, and Uganda. The often-unsteady social, economic, and cultural development of some of these countries has led to disease, famine, ethnic cleansing and civil war, with which students should become familiar.

5800   ASIAN HISTORY AND CULTURE
11-12   SEM    .5 cr

This course is an introductory survey of ancient to recent histories of Far Eastern cultures (predominately China), focusing on the major watersheds in these countries’ modern experiences. The roles of indigenous culture and forces of change as well as foreign influences is considered. Although a survey course, class focus centers on recent economic, social, and political changes in China from Mao Tse-Tsung’s Communist Revolution to the present.

5810   MID-EAST HISTORY AND CULTURE
11-12   SEM    .5 cr

This course is a survey of the development of social, political and cultural life in the Middle East, starting with the rise of Islam in the seventh century and following through to the present. Topics include: rise and spread of Islam, formation of a Middle Eastern/Islamic world, the shift in world trade from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic; social, political, and cultural change; Ottoman and European relations: imperialism and revolution; World War I and the peace settlement; state formation; the rise of nationalism and religious fundamentalism.

5340   WORLD RELIGIONS               
11-12   SEM    .5 cr

This elective explores spiritual riches of the world’s major religions and the influence of religion on culture. Students are encouraged to re-examine their own faith while reflecting on founders, major beliefs and special practices of Christianity, Hinduism, Buddhism, Taoism, Judaism, Confucianism, Shintoism, and Islam.

5760   ISSUES FOR THE 21ST CENTURY
10-12   SEM    .5 cr

This course is an introduction to significant events in the 21st century. Students investigate cause, effect, and change in places across the world. One principal aim of the course is for students to develop a better understanding of the response of traditional societies to the impact of modernization on their values and customs. Another is to examine ideological conflicts of the modern world. Students also research contemporary problems that originated in the 21st century that demand creative and thoughtful solutions. Analytical skills, synthesis of conflicting viewpoints, conducting research, participating in deliberations and writing historical essays are all emphasized in this course.

5400   U.S. GOVERNMENT                      
12     YR    1.0 cr

This course is a study of the development of our national government and the organization and function of the United States government on the federal, state, and local levels. The major topics in the course include: the Constitution, Bill of Rights, civil liberties, federalism and the division of powers, the three branches of government, political parties, voting behavior and statistics, foreign policy and national security. Problems of popular representation, responsible leadership, and the challenges facing American government are also examined. Emphasis is also placed on current events that are regularly discussed in class. The last part of the course is devoted to comparing U.S. government with other governments in the world.

5420   U. S. GOVERNMENT HONORS 
12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: A- or above in U.S. History or B+ in AP or U.S. History Honors. Social Studies teacher recommendation and approval of department chair.

This accelerated course examines the social, economic, and political aspects of national, state, and local government in theUnited States with particular focus on contemporary issues.

5460   AP U.S. GOVERNMENT AND COMPARATIVE POLITICAL SYSTEMS     12           YR          1.0 cr

Prerequisites: B+ in AP U.S. History, A- in U.S. History Honors or A in U.S. History; B+ in current English class; Social Studies teacher recommendation and approval of department chair.

This accelerated course examines the political, social and economic aspects of national, state, and local government in the United States. It also includes a study of foreign government of Britain, France, Russia, China, and a “developing” country. There is a particular focus on contemporary issues. Students are required to take the AP Government exams in May.

5510   AP MACROECONOMICS/MICROECONOMICS
12     YR    1.0 cr

Prerequisites: B in Mathematics and English.

This is a full-year freshman college level course concentrating on an analytical rather than a descriptive approach to the principles of economics. The major aspects of macroeconomics are: economic models, inflation, unemployment, GDP accounting, aggregate demand/supply analysis, the banking system, monetary and fiscal policy and competing theories of income stabilization. The study of microeconomics includes: demand and supply, markets, price theory, elasticity, costs of the business firm, models of pure competition, monopoly, monopolistic competition and oligopoly, international trade and selected topics as time allows. Students are required to take the AP Economics exams in May.